Gateways & Tents

New Project 3.

The Wigwam Tent from the Native American Indians

Couple of portable structures are as legendary because the wigwam or wickiup tents utilized by certain Native American tribes. These domed room tents have held the imagination of individuals all over the world and in lots of ways have grown to be symbolic of the American Indian culture.

The Main Difference From a Wigwam and also the Wickiup

The main difference between both of these tents names lies mainly in where you'll find them. Wickiup is usually accustomed to label Native American tents based in the American Southwest and West while wigwam can be used to label Native American tents based in the American Northeast.

However, because of lack of knowledge from non-Native American cultures using these names is becoming somewhat interchangeable. The title wigwam has become the most well-liked label provided to all kinds of Native American structures no matter where they're found and which Native American group they are utilised by.

Are you aware? That the one who introduced the word Wigwam into common usage would be a lady through the title of Mary Rowlandson! She tried on the extender like a mention of "Indian House" from the Indigenous Peoples that they remained with during their captivity world war 2 of 1675. However, this term is wrong as you will find numerous variations between your different structures built by Indigenous Peoples.

Please Be Aware: The wigwam mustn't to be mistaken with the tipi tent from the Native Flatlands. This tent is of the different construction and structure.

The Dwelling from the Wigwam

The wigwam or wickiup tent is really a domed, round shelter that's been used by lots of different Native American cultures to produce shelter and temporary houses. The curved surfaces from the structure allow it to be an ideal shelter for a myriad of climate conditions.

The domed structure is created having a frame of arched wooden rods that are then engrossed in roofing materials for example animal hide, grass, bark, rushes as well as certain cases fabric. However construction of those tents can and does vary because of culture and native accessibility to recycleables.

Wigwams are Semi Permanent Structures

Wigwams are generally used as semi permanent structures. Wigwams take more time to erect compared to tipi and also the frames utilized in their construction aren't usually as portable.

The making of a Wigwam

Although the making of a wigwam isn't excessively difficult, there is a good amount of strength needed throughout the constructing process. Due to this the task usually fell towards the male from the family. He did the framework using youthful eco-friendly saplings associated with a appropriate wood which was available. These saplings needed to be bent with the stretching from the wood and were utilised to produce a frame of approximately 10 to 16 ft across. More saplings were then accustomed to cover the wigwam to own structure support.

Considerations To Take When Camping

Although you will find various kinds of camping and they all have its very own needs, you will find some things you will must tote around ought to be good sense.

You will find many different types of camping. Many people even consider driving a sizable RV right into a campground and connecting up their DVD player towards the electrical socket to become a type of camping. Clearly, camping most important items with this person would vary from a backwoods backpacker camping inside a primitive site within the forest. This really provides the answer to the foremost and most significant camping demand for all. This is understanding of where you stand going and just what you'll probably expect when you are there. Anything else comes from this.

With regard to this discussion, let us confine ourselves to camping where you need to carry everything along with you for many distance out of your vehicle towards the actual campground. If you're able to drive your pickup to the advantage from the campground, that's still camping, however, you can pack procuring products at the back of the18 wheeler and be ready for nearly anything. However, before you decide to pack the18 wheeler filled with chillers of beer and uncooked meats, make certain you a minimum of possess the products pointed out below. Fundamental essentials true camping essentials.

The most crucial item could function as the tent. It ought to be lightweight, waterproof, and simple to put together. It may be beneficial to rehearse putting up within the backyard prior to the trip. A dark wet evening isn't the ideal time to try and discover which pole goes where. Another necessity is really a sleeping bag. Although you will find many affordable ones available and lots of people doubt they'll need one out of the summer time, it is advisable to acquire one of individuals that help you stay warm if this will get real cold. This can be a just just in case kind of factor.

Nearly any camping trip will involve bugs and sun damage. Insect repellent and sun block are essentials, however, you could consider them area of the next item. This is actually the Emergency First Aid Kit. A great Emergency First Aid Kit is important. It's the one item around the camping trip that you simply hope you don't even need to open, but it ought to be a properly considered and thoroughly filled package that may help you through any first-aid emergency.

Other should have products for that primitive camper really are a torch, canned water, waterproof matches, plus some high carb snacks. A whistle along with a pocketknife will also be out there. A great item to hold is really a thermal reflective blanket. They're lightweight and may help you stay very warm in desperate situations.

Camping 2012

Isn't it time??

A Highly Effective Towel-Sheet Reuse Program For that B&ampB InnKeeper

I have seen a number of different methods to towel/sheet reuse programs by lodging qualities. I'll list them within order of my least- to many- favorite:

None whatsoever, unless of course controlled with a positive guestLet visitors place a card or tent on their own mattress when they want their sheets transformed, and also have them leave their towels on the ground once they want their towels transformedTell visitors you alter sheets every 72 hours (or whatever number you choose is suitable)Have visitors hang a card around the outdoors of the guestroom door when they would like to get their sheets and towels transformed

The main reason I probab the final choice is multifold. People often stick to the road to least resistance and energy. Because it takes extra effort to create a request, your visitors are not as likely to create a request altering sheets. Housekeepers can more effectively tackle the work they do if you take a fast inventory of the number of door hangars you will find, grab only as numerous sheets and towels because they will require every day, and obtain into it.

A choice of determining how frequently you will change sheets can also be viable, if you may finish up determining to alter sheets more frequently than a lot of your visitors would request. Obviously, you'd let your visitors to request a far more frequent change, however the policy is obvious for that visitors and housekeepers. This method could even become more efficient for housekeepers as their daily work list will have the ability to let them know which rooms need fresh sheets, allowing them to skip the step of tallying door hangars.

Do not know towel/sheet reuse program a money saving idea? Additionally towards the apparent reasons of saving water, electricity, and cleaning utility caddy, additionally, it saves deterioration around the sheets and towels, in addition to labor. My studies have proven a variety of savings after applying a towel/sheet reuse program, - .50/guestroom/day being them most typical average savings reported. For those who have a 7 guestroom motel, you will lay aside between 55.00 - 32.50 yearly (.00 x 7 x 365 and .50 x 7 x 365. Note: the typical reflects the particular savings but disseminate through every day of the season).

The savings that aren't reflected during these amounts may be the elevated durability of the sheets and towels. The number of sheets do starting with? Your start-up budget dictates a number of that, but at the minimum, you need to buy 1 1 / 2 sheets per mattress. This many sheets allows you cope with most days without needing to hurry to obtain sheets washed for housekeeping. Ideally, you will have a minimum of two teams of sheets per mattress. In case your beds are king-size and also you buy 220 thread-count sheets, you'll spend a minimum of 0 per set. Allow me to stress though, the greater the sheet quality, the more they'll last, which makes them a much better investment than affordable sheets.

If sheets latter years using the traditional method of daily laundry, anticipate them lasting two times as lengthy by having an eco-friendly method of laundry. So instead of investing 0/year normally for sheets inside a seven guest room motel, you'll spend 0/year. Towels provides you with an identical savings. Tallying your savings out of your towel/sheet reuse program, you will lay aside 50.00 - ,532.50. You will also save your valuable own time from looking for sheets and towels as frequently. Think about the steps you can take after some additional time and cash!

Beginning a brand new clients are dangerous enough. Running a recognised business requires attention and care to income. Be prudent and approach your B&B with financial savings in your mind and prevent this venture.

Coleman Weathermaster II Screened 10 Person 16 X 10 Tent with Hinged Door and Autoroll Windows, 7 Feet Tall and Fits 4 Queen Air Beds from Coleman

Coleman is really a name it is possible to trust, and is readily acknowledged getting been around for lengthy times within the sector. We wanted to produce Coleman Weathermaster II Screened 10 Person 16 X 10 Tent with Hinged Door and Autoroll Windows, 7 Feet Tall and Fits 4 Queen Air Beds reachable for every person at cost-effective costs, and with exceptional quality. Our team technician has added some excellent touches in our new item, and that results in fantastic value for you. Basically you cannot go incorrect with our item because it has a verified track record of getting fantastic quality merchandise at cost-effective pricing. We will never ever cease creating a better concept to put together our finest outcome for every house.

We now have an excellent feeling that in every single application that we definitely have included in this most recent merchandise can make you please. We are able to offer you using a realistic truth that we exclusively concentrate on all the strategy within the creating to produce our item could be a fair item for a consumer like you.

Using the very finest expertise of our manufacturing design crew and specialist professionals had been attempting to produce an impression on all consumer by invest attention to every single customer's require and mix with our outstanding method to generate Coleman Weathermaster II Screened 10 Person 16 X 10 Tent with Hinged Door and Autoroll Windows, 7 Feet Tall and Fits 4 Queen Air Beds and It really is include the way forward for fantastic living with technology fantastically together.

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Feature

• Sleeps up to 10 people, room to stand and move, screened porch converts to bedroom
• 16 ft x 10 ft, 7 ft tall in center, fits 4 queen air mattresses
• Waterproof floor, protected seams, strong frame
• Spacious interior, auto roll windows, hinged door
• 20 minute setup, WeatherTEC system guaranteed to keep you dry

Bismark ND News Shelter Boxes for Haiti

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Campervan Across America - RV Strategies for Aussies and New Zealanders Likely to Drive Across USA

Tip 1 - Free-Camping at Walmart:

Yes, you are able to overnight park (freecamp) in lots of Walmart carparks. Just consider signs within the carpark to make certain there's not just one that states "no overnight parking". There's additionally a no park Walmart list, just Google it. A great sign whether you are able to park there's also whether you will find other RV's/Campervans within the parking area.

Tip 2 - Free Camping at Flying J's Truck Stop:

We preferred whenever we can to fit overnight at Flying J's truck stops. Never an problem and there have been always other trucks and RV's around for the utmost safety in amounts. We'd a laptop with access to the internet so would certainly Google map in which the nearest Walmart or Flying J's was.

Tip 3 - The very best Prepaid Internet USB for Cost and Coverage in the united states:

Should you intend on going for a laptop along with you you'll be able to get a pre-compensated wireless usb stick that creates the 3rd generation network at Walmart, Verizon or AT&T. We chose Verizon getting done the study and would recommend it. Verizon had excellent coverage and that we present in driving over the USA i was never once without coverage. You'll also find loads of Verizon stores frequently near to the Walmarts whereas we never saw one AT&T outlet. This will be significant since it's far simpler for that traveler to have the ability to top-up available rather than contact.

The price involved USD for that stick after which plans were for 1 gig for just one month, or for five gigs for just one month. We used Skype to family and buddies, used Google earth to analyze our route, and Researched top things you can do within the place i was next going to. As well as having the ability to update Facebook, check emails etc.

Tip 4 - Where for the greatest Campervan / RV Deal:

We traveled within the Christmas holiday period as my spouse is really a teacher. Although the plane tickets were costly the employing from the camper / RV was inexpensive because this is Americas low season. Over this era there have been lots of good special offers and that we found this website to possess some good deals. We required benefit of the buy 2 days get 2 days free. This wound up costing us half around what our tour operator had cited. The title of the organization is affordable rv rental s, its a NZ based company that nearly functions as an agent for finding the right deals for motorhomes/campervans/rvs.

Tip 5 - Purchase a Gps navigation!

You are able to get a Tom Tom Gps navigation from Walmart for including USA and Canada maps (or purchase one online before leaving). It is really an absolute necessity as moving with the metropolitan areas by map can be done however, you will require many wrong turns. Recalling that the wrong turn might take ten minutes to fix, when driving an energy guzzing RV, it wouldn't take lengthy prior to the Gps navigation taken care of itself in saved fuel. As well as less anxiety along with a happy wife who no more needs to navigate.

Market it on eBay when finished or ensure that it stays for your forthcoming trip!

Tip 6 - Driving in the united states:

Fuel in December 2010 was normally about USD per gallon, a gallon being just below 4 litres. Our C19 RV would use about 10 mpg.

For road rules, safe for needing to drive around the right side from the road, anything else is essentially exactly the same. 3 things we observed which were different were the

a) jct sign: You will find several crossing points with jct signs. Unlike Australia where it's just cave in right, in the united states you allow method to the person who was there first. In case of a tie then you definitely revert towards the cave in to right rule.

b) Turn directly on red-colored light anytime carefully: You are able to turn right in a red-colored light in the united states supplying obviously you allow method to other traffic. The only real time you can't turn right is that if there's an indication stating "no right switch on red-colored light".

Chartered bus: If your chartered bus is along the side of the street flashing lights with stop sign out, you have to stop even when you're on the other hand from the road. The children can get from the bus and mix the road while watching chartered bus.

Any queries or comments not to hesitate to personal message me.

Fun Babysitting Games For Children

Babysitting games really are a necessary and fun a part of being careful of kids. Children are hard to keep busy, or at best busy doing something which we would like these to do. Usually your degree of energy is a lot lower compared to your charges, so it's wise to possess some games to ensure that they're entertained.

Marco Polo is a superb kids' game. Blindfold one child and let them know to yell "Marco!". Another children all yell "Polo!", and the one who is "it" can move nearer to them by hearing where their voices are originating from, until they get close enough to the touch another person, after which they are "it". Whether it's a pleasant day outdoors, do that activity outside, high aren't as numerous breakables around.

"Red-colored Light-Eco-friendly Light" is definitely an old favorite among babysitting games. You are able to listen to it very best in a large indoor area, or outdoors. Get one person stand with arms extended out, and yell either "red-colored light" or "eco-friendly light". Everybody else must operate on eco-friendly, and prevent on red-colored. The champion is the first ones to reach the designated place, while anybody who operates on red-colored or stops on eco-friendly is "out".

"Duck-Duck-Goose" is a favorite game for several years. It will help keep youthful kids amused for some time, which could be a very positive thing. Possess the children sit inside a loose circle, and also have the person playing "it" bypass this circle when they say "duck" or "goose". Once they tap and say "goose", the one who was drawn on needs to run using the tapping child round the oblong. When the tap-ee reaches their chair first, the "goose" needs to remain in the middle, also known as the "pot".

One traditional stand-by among babysitting games is coloring. It may sound boring if you are a grownup, however when the elements isn't good, it's an excellent task for filling time. For those who have more youthful children, you will need these to color with crayons, being that they are non-toxic. If they are a little older, you should use markers or colored pens, but be cautious none get chewed on, as they possibly can be harmful if ingested.

It's fun for children to produce different food ideas, particularly if the weather outdoors is frightful. Use bananas and add chocolate pieces and raisins for them, to be able to make sure they are into people. Whenever you make sandwiches, use various formed cookie blades which make sandwiches different shapes. Use healthy and natural meals whenever feasible, so they've got an enjoyable and healthy treat.

Many of these babysitting games may be used to help to keep your kids occupied, but remember to be within the room together, so that you can monitor them and make certain all is alright.

Coleman Sundome 4-Person Tent, Green from Coleman

We would like to introduce you to Coleman Sundome 4-Person Tent, Green, that is essentially the most wanted unbelievable item out now. It is going to be 1 in the most compact and beneficial item inside the sector. Top quality control is actually vital, and within the individual step of development that bring about total this really valuable item for the consumer like you. It actually is seemed to be a merely question for everyone that how can I make appropriate choice to pick from a lot of items that are all more than the world-wide web marketing and advertising. Coleman genuinely believe that the only way you're going to replace what you've now, will be to develop an item that's far much better. Coleman Sundome 4-Person Tent, Green will likely be the only answer for your inquiry. And also our design team has been listened of one's comments and requests and we're sure which you will uncover our most current item has been built to address all of them.

A component from that, each and every 1 in our team production has a feeling that in every function that we have built into this newest prototype. It'll leave you asking yourself that where have this Coleman Sundome 4-Person Tent, Green been hiding for all of your life. Additionally, we confidently feel that as soon as you might have been the owner and tried it, you're going to understand clearly that's why this newest model is selling as quickly as we can manufacture them. Now might be the extremely finest likelihood for you to turn out to be the owner while you will discover still supplied within the industry location.

List Price : $84.99

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The Coleman sundome tent is ideal for weekend car campers, extended camping trips, scout troops & Summer fun. Coleman tents are designed for easy set up by using a continuous pole sleeve and exclusive Pin and Ring Design making it possible for one person to set a coleman tent up without the need for assistance. Also the Exclusive WeatherTec system is designed to make sure you stay dry if it does begin to rain.

Feature

• 4-person dome tent with 63 square feet of sleeping space
• Coleman's exclusive WeatherTec system keeps rain and moisture out
• Adjustable Variflo ventilation and vented Cool-Air port
• Privacy vent window; interior gear pocket; rain fly
• Electrical access port; measures 9 x 7 feet; 1-year warranty
• 59" center height
• 8.5 mm fiberglass poles
• Electric access port
• Floor 1000D Polyethylene
• Sleeps 4 people

10 person tent

Why My Home Is a Tent

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Seventh grader helps raise $2,200 for Haiti relief

An Arroyo Grande student is showing just a little effort can produce a large difference. Jennifer Manley is really a seventh grader at Saint Pat's Catholic School. With s...

Junior High School Example

I met "Gloria" when I first went into my assigned observation classroom - 9th period Native American Connections. She is a 13-year-old seventh grader with brown hair and brown eyes. She is Native American. She is left-handed. She has one sister (16-years-old). She is not very tall, but is showing the first signs of puberty. I noticed occasionally that she wears light eye shadow (like white or pale pink) and lip-gloss

When I asked "Gloria" a few introductory questions, I discovered that her favorite subject is math, her favorite color is red and her favorite music is rap. "Gloria" is not involved in any clubs and doesn't really watch television.

When I asked "Gloria" for her class schedule, she did not have a copy of it; but was able to tell me what classes she takes and when. She starts her day out with PRO-Time (People Relating to Others). Then for second period it's on to reading. Third period is math, fourth period is Native American Connections, and then she goes to lunch at fifth period. After lunch is Language Arts for sixth period, science for seventh period, keyboarding for eighth period, Native American Connections - guided study for ninth period and lastly, Social Studies for tenth period.

On Tuesday, March 22, 2005 I followed "Gloria" around all day. When I first found out that I was supposed to follow a 13-year-old seventh grader around her school all day, I was nervous. I was worried that she would feel self-conscious and embarrassed that I was there; however, this was not the case.

1st Period - PRO-Time: "Gloria" showed up at 8:40 am for class that began at 8:45 am. She had wet hair, a cute black sweatsuit, and white Nike tennis shoes. She quietly went to her locker, got her notebook and went to class. She had quiet participation in a conversation with other classmates before class started. Some girls were talking about gymnastics - "Gloria" just listened. "Gloria" got out a sheet of fruit stickers, which the girls passed around to see what they wanted to wear. "Gloria" selected a sticker that looked like a bunch of grapes and placed it on her left cheek.

Class started with the Pledge of Allegiance and Announcements. The teacher then read off history/ social studies trivia questions. "Gloria" never raised her hand.

PRO-time was a free period where some kids were playing some sort of basketball game with garbage cans, and others sat around talking. "Gloria" sat in on a conversation with four girls who were discussing hair. The girls decided it would be fun to "change names." "Gloria" decided to now go by "Cody" (a boy student's name).

2nd Period - Reading: The students were given a worksheet. "Gloria" sat quietly, taking out a pen to circle the answers. "Gloria" completed the worksheet rather quickly and sat quietly, looking at her neighbor's textbook cover and biting her pencil. Then the students were instructed to exchange their paper with a neighbor to correct. "Gloria" listened very well, while looking around the classroom. One of the kids said they had the Oscar Mayer Bologna song in their head. The teacher said, "well don't start singing it or it will get in ours too." After the worksheets were reviewed, and they were transitioning to a period of silent, sustained reading, the student began singing the song. The teacher used this as an opportunity for some lighthearted transitional humor. She began singing songs for very little kids, such as from The Wiggles, Barney, etc. This amused "Gloria".

"Gloria" brought a book to read, called "Swallowing Stones," by Joyce McDonald. During the first eight minutes of this silent reading period, "Gloria" was distracted from reading (looking up) 7 times and only turned the page once. Then she put a bookmark in her book and got a Teen People magazine from her neighbor. She only looked up three times from her reading this time (the last time - to look at the clock). After 20 minutes of reading this magazine, with two minutes left of class, everyone stopped reading, and "Gloria" used this time to stretch and chat.

3rd Period - Math: The class started with a short quiz. Then an overhead was turned on showing the class schedule:

o Content Objectives - students will learn properties of various shapes

o Language Objectives - students will take notes on shape

o Warm-up - quiz

o Homework Assignment - correct test

o Materials Needed - notebook, pencil

"Gloria" did the quiz, then got out her assignment notebook. When everyone was done with their quizzes, the students traded their quiz with a neighbor. "Gloria" got all five of her questions correct. The class was reminded that the worksheets are due at the end of the quarter (in two days).

Then the class was given a lecture on polygons. "Gloria" was attentive, and took notes. She appears to get concepts quickly, then ceases to pay attention - zoning out. "Gloria" also never raises her hand; however, when called on by the teacher, she tends to know the answer. She continued to write notes then stare off into space. "Gloria" took two pages of notes.

After the lecture, the students were instructed to work on their flip charts with a neighbor, which is also due in two days. While working with her neighbor on their flipcharts, "Gloria" explained some questions the other student seemed to have about the worksheet. She seemed very comfortable and confident with the material.

Because it took the class two minutes after the teacher first tried to get them to quiet down at the end of class, she made them stay two minutes after the bell. Although "Gloria" was sitting quietly the whole time, I was surprised that she was not upset that she was getting in trouble for other students' misbehavior.

4th Period - Native American Connections: The class started out with a test - the students were supposed to have a pencil and sheet of paper out. At first "Gloria" only got a pencil out (wasn't paying full attention). There was a Native American man from the Multi-cultural Center leading class (as he does every Tuesday). The instructor said that new students were not required to take the test, and "Gloria" joked, "I'm new!" The instructor laughed, and "Gloria" got paper out and prepared for the test, which was 20 questions regarding Lakota / Sioux language, history, and culture. Some of the questions were Lakota vocabulary such as directions, and he would say a word or phrase and ask what it means. "Gloria" appeared bored through much of this. The instructor's last test question was, "Who's a better teacher, your regular instructor, or I - - - think carefully. There IS a correct answer to this!" The class really liked this joke, and when they went through the answers to the test, many of them loved telling him the answer to the last question was either him or the regular instructor, and why. He pretended to be proud or offended as applicable.

The instructor taught the students the words / message / 'tune' to the Sun Dance Song. He explained a little about the ceremony, and said that he has participated in the Sun Dance before, which is one of the Lakota's most sacred ceremonies. While they were going over this, "Gloria" was laying her head on her desk, and whined, "I don't like that [having to sing the song]." She sat there, smirking most of the time, and not singing.

At the end of the class, The instructor said the class would be learning and playing the Moccasin game next week, which is played with four pieces of deer hide and 1 chip (kind of like '3-card monty'). Each team will have seven sticks. If they guess wrong (playing the game) then they have to give a stick to the other team. They are to play until one team has all the sticks. During all of this explanation, "Gloria" was leaning back in her chair, clearly bored. Since there was a little time left-over, the class did a game with multiplication flash cards - 'Around the World'. Instantly, "Gloria" was alert and engaged, and begging to go first. The class had a great time playing this game until the bell rang.

5th Period - LUNCHTIME: When we got to the cafeteria, the children were expected to sit at assigned seats. While going to her table, a boy came up and was pushing / wrestling "Gloria" down, teasing her. It was clear that "Gloria" both liked and hated the attention. I noticed that the girls, for the most part, were all still wearing their stickers. One girl wasn't, because she said that a teacher felt that she was being disruptive by wearing the sticker on her cheek, and made her remove it from her face. The girls were still playing the game where they were to use different names.

During lunch, the girls talked about who's going out with whom. On the way to the next class, "Gloria" and her best friend "Melissa" walked down the hall shouting out to boys, ""Gloria" wants to go out with you!" "No, No! She's joking. HEY! "Melissa" wants to go out with you!" "No I don't, "Gloria" does..." etc.

6th Period - Language Arts: The kids came in and immediately started reading (without instruction). "Gloria" wrote in a notebook "Hello, my name is Cody." The teacher noticed "Gloria" wasn't reading, gave her a look, and she put the paper up and got out her book and started to read. For the next six minutes, her eyes wandered five times. She continued to zone, staring off into space, not really reading and playing with something hanging off of her notebook. She picked up her book like she was going to read, then began drawing on her notebook cover. The class stopped reading six minutes after they started, and it did not appear "Gloria" read at all during that time.

After the brief reading period, the teacher lead them through an assessment practice - working on revising and editing through the use of the overhead and a language arts assessment worksheet. They then finished reading a story called "Immigrant Kids" from their textbook, followed by a quiz. The class was learning about finding the main ideas in a story and drawing them out of the paragraphs. While the teacher was reading, "Gloria" read along. Then the class was expected to write in their notebooks the main idea and three supporting details. "Gloria" wrote like this:

MAIN IDEA

a. Immigrants had to help officers...

b. Before immigrants....

c. When the immigrants...

The teacher's instructions were suggestive that the students should write something more like:

IMMIGRANTS ARRIVE AT ELLIS ISLAND

a. Had to be examined

b. Had to answer a series of questions

c. Had to ....

She worked quietly on the next Main Idea assignment, and then had a quiz to complete. Once she was done with the quiz, she was supposed to have free reading (choice reading) - if time allowed. "Gloria" finished the quiz and went on to the word search on the back of the quiz.

7th Period - Science: This class was all about preparing for the end of the quarter by getting an assignment turned in to be graded by Thursday. The students were working on their science logs.
I noticed a trend among the teachers throughout the school day during this visit - they continued to remind the students of two things:

1. The third quarter ends in two days

2. Since "we've been talking about / doing x-y-z for 3 quarters now..." "There's only 9 more weeks of school..." "You need to start thinking like 8th graders, since you're practically there..."
"Gloria" sat, waiting patiently to have her science log stapled by the teacher, who came around to each student individually, to do this himself.

I found that "Gloria" does very well with:

o Following instructions

o Doing assignments with ease (quickly)

o Not disruptive in class - doesn't join in when others are disruptive

The students were instructed to give their logs to a neighbor, and put point values for certain types of information present on each page (basics such as page number, title, # of items expected on page, etc. - - - not for content). The student would get a 1 if it was all there, and a zero if it wasn't. When "Gloria" was done looking at the other student's science log, she sat quietly, nibbling on her nails. When "Gloria" got her science log back from her neighbor, the teacher walked by and glanced down at her paper (where the points were assessed), and said, "Good job!" "Gloria" smiled quietly to herself.

8th Period - Keyboarding: This was BY FAR the hardest class for which to shadow a student. The students work independently - there was next to no interaction with each other or the instructor (which was a substitute today). "Gloria" first worked on a Words per Minute (WPM) timed test, and was required to record her results on a log. Then she did spelling and punctuation tests, and worked on skill builders. There were a lot of options available for skill building, such as various word/ mouse games, but "Gloria" chose straight keying practice lessons (for speed/ accuracy).

9th Period - Native American Connections - Guided Study: This is the class that I normally observe on Thursdays. During this day, I noticed that "Gloria" had photos on the cover of her notebook. I asked who they are pictures of, and she said they are two cousins and three friends. One of the friends is a boy over whose picture she has written the word "hottie". "Gloria" put three more pictures on the back of her notebook (using teacher's scissors and tape), which was not exactly studying; however, the teacher did not take notice of this.

"Gloria" used this class period to complete the flip chart from math class. She was actually pretty focused for study hall. This was the quietest I have ever seen this room. Everyone appeared to be on task today. Of course, the louder students were not in the room today. Two boys and two girls were sent to go work on their language arts research papers with their teacher and/or go to the library to avoid getting an F for the quarter in that class.

I noticed that "Gloria" has one of those "hope" pink rubber bracelets on her left wrist. She has written the name of her best friend "Melissa" on it. On her right wrist, "Gloria" has a blue hair scrunchy, although she has not had it in her hair all day. Near the end of the class, the math project was complete, so "Gloria" spent the rest of the time taping pictures to her notebook. I find that observing an "at risk" student in study hall is a good setting because they are off-task so much; however, this was not the case for anyone on this day (at least not in this class). The instructor looked at "Gloria's" math flip chart when she was done and told her, "This looks really nice, 'Gloria!' "

10th Period - Social Studies: There was a student teacher, for this class. He put the following objectives up on the overhead for the day:

- Daily Focus

- Section 4 assessment

- Chapter 17

- Geo test today (Asia test tomorrow)

"Gloria" had focus issues in this class, and was writing on the desk behind her. She was supposed to be writing a hypothesis regarding "The Bedouin Tent" - from overhead slides reflecting tent terminology (i.e. mog'ad - or sitting place for men entertaining guests; ma'had - woven curtain between men's/ women's sitting place; maharama - place for women). The teacher tried to engage the students in a discussion regarding this material (i.e. "why do you think the mag'ad is used by only men and guests?"). The class was less than enthusiastic with the material. "Gloria" was staring off again, not writing answers, writing down the ideas people came up with and talking to her neighbor.

Apparently, yesterday they did group projects on page 496 of their Geography books and now were required to write in their journals regarding what they learned. The teacher instructed the students to pair off and work together. Left to their own devices, the students did not get into pairs right away, wasting a lot of time. A couple of people paired up, but most of the class worked on the task individually. "Gloria" chose to work on her own, answering questions to the chapter. All sorts of disruptions were going on in the room, but "Gloria" stayed on task. During class discussions and assessment, "Gloria" never raised her hand, and stared off while chewing on her pencil.

The students were given a Geography test covering weeks #21 through #24. The teacher told them they could prepare/ study while he sets up the quiz. "Gloria" was writing on the desk (cheating? - - -I never looked to confirm). "Gloria" completed the quiz and put her journal on the back table.

Over the weeks, I have observed that "Gloria" is typical for a girl her age, according to NMSA (2003), in the following ways:

Physical Development -

o Often restless and tired (everything is 'boring')

o Increased sexual awareness (as evidenced in her spoken and written comments about boys being "hotties" and previous observations of her assignment notebook, etc.)

Cognitive - Intellectual Development -

o Prefers passive learning (observing rather than volunteering to give answers)

o Prefers to work independently when given a choice of working alone or in pairs

o Challenges rules / authority (gum-chewing a big issue for "Gloria")

Moral Development -

o Has problem with "cultural acceptance" according to her instructors - feels is superior to other 'more Native' students

Psychological Development -

o Self-absorbed

o Aware of ethnic identity, but struggles with accepting it in herself / others

o Likes recognition for accomplishments - even a simple 'thank you' or 'good work' are important to her

o Has a positive outlook

Social - Emotional Development -

o Strong need for approval

o Strong need for peer acceptance

In speaking with "Gloria's" instructors, I learned some more interesting insights into what makes this child "tick." According to her Native American Connections instructor, "Gloria" is extremely bright. She is more motivated socially than academically. She is struggling with her identity and is a bully. She picks on other students who are more "Native" than her. She talks about them, threatens to beat them up. She is struggling with her Native American identity. By targeting the "more Native" students, she is attempting to define her place in the pecking order. In comparison to these other Native American students, her family is more affluent (more financially well to do). "Gloria" also struggles with the Lakota value system - she fails to take it seriously. She is more assimilated with white / dominant culture and torn / turns away from Lakota culture.

The instructor and I have both observed that "Gloria" likes to break minor rules (i.e. gum-chewing...she did this several times throughout the day - a teacher would call her on it and ask her to spit it out. "Gloria" did this reluctantly, but then in the next class she'd have gum again. Part of this was achieved by "pretending" to throw the gum away, and partly getting the gum from somewhere. I have no idea when and/or where the gum ever came out and was put in her mouth. It just materialized.

The Native American Connections instructor believes that "Gloria" will graduate from High School. Math engages her. She focuses and gets right to it. "Gloria's" Grandmother lives with her and she believes in the importance of education. "Gloria's" mother is less focused on education for her daughter; therefore, the child is torn as to what is best, because she doesn't want to hurt either important authority figure in her life. When I asked what the instructor thinks "Gloria" needs most, she said discipline for unacceptable behavior (inappropriate notes, bullying, etc.) for which she has received In-school suspension (ISS), Staying After School (SAS - detention), etc. as a result.

I then spoke with the PRO-time instructor, who felt "Gloria" is very quiet, shows independence - blatant disregard for rules (i.e. gum-chewing) - which is a control issue for "Gloria". She wants someone to tell her she has to spit the gum out. The PRO-time instructor said that "Gloria" definitely works below her potential. She is missing some basic skills. This instructor said that "Gloria" is good in class, is very organized (and detailed in her planner) but will be left behind because she's quiet. "Gloria's" Mom missed her 1st quarter conference (called and said couldn't make it). Her Mom came to the 2nd quarter conference and was asked by the PRO-time instructor to allow her daughter to be put in an 11th period. This is an opportunity for students to catch up on work, since they may not have time at home; plus they can get assistance with assignments with which they are struggling (like additional guided study time).

I would recommend the following for "Gloria" - increased use of games as a learning tool - according to Wormeli (2001, p.49) games are "intrinsically motivating...When people have fun, they don't realize they are learning." I completely agree. During my day of observation, all of "Gloria's" classes had the students engaged in seatwork, quizzes, and reading / lecture activities. "Gloria" seemed to really respond to the game that took place in the Native American Connections class - and that was clearly an opportunity for kids to show their knowledge of subject matter - multiplication and division flash cards.

I did not observe any "true" collaboration in any of the classes, other than kids working together on their own individual projects in math, and being given the option to pair up in Social Studies. I would like to have seen the student teacher actually pair the students up himself, so the children didn't feel they had a choice. As I indicated above, when left to their own devices, the students did not pair up; however, there is definite benefit to such activities, and I would like to see "Gloria" learn how to participate in such.

I would like to see more integration of coursework between classes - I saw no evidence of such activity; however, I did observe it on one of the Thursdays when I came to observe. The kids were working closely with some Native American individuals from Wisconsin who were teaching them to make model "Tipistolas" (tipis). Apparently the activity integrated concepts from (and was worked on during) math class, art class and Native American Connections. Later in the semester, I also observed children working on 'bead looms' in the Native American Connections classroom; however, I never learned if this was coordinated with any other class such as art or even math (patterns).

I noticed that "Gloria" never voluntarily speaks up in class; but when called on, is attentive and usually has the correct answer. This is touched on in Wormeli (2001); however, I found an interesting article regarding learning styles of Native American adolescents which also talks about this subject matter (More, 1989). In this article, Mr. More indicates that Native American culture focuses on a more "think-then-do" approach to learning rather than the traditional classroom's "trial-and-error" approach. Native American students would rather think about the question and make sure they have the correct answer before just "blurting out" the answer and getting it wrong.

I would like to see more of her teachers providing differentiated instruction, to reach children's differing intelligences. I realize that the day I observed was so close to the end of a quarter, that there was a lot of "house-keeping" being done. This may explain the 'boring' instructional techniques. According to another article that I read regarding teaching styles for Native American students (Swisher & Deyhle, 1989), Native American students "tend to approach their world visually and by quiet, persistent exploration...a style of teaching stressing overt verbal performance is alien to such a child." So lectures are not always the best way to go with these students, at least not all the time.

I don't completely agree with this perspective as it relates to "Gloria" because she showed a great deal of competence in taking notes, and was content with quiet activities. I would just like to see things "shaken up a bit" in these classrooms, to engage the students in their off-task behaviors. For example, during the Social Studies lesson, I believe that the students would have better responded to a game of jeopardy regarding the tents of Bedoins rather than a worksheet / review. I understand that the teachers needed to assess the students for quarter-end, and that grading a piece of paper is easiest; however, Middle School students need variety and creativity from their teachers and their lessons. Most of the teachers only were instructing to the "verbal / linguistic" intelligence of their students. Maybe a game like the one presented in the Native American Connections class, where the kids stood and when they got a question right, they got up and didn't have to sit again until someone else got one right. Then that person had to sit in the first person's seat, etc. It was fun, kids had to "think on their feet" and they got to move around a bit. Plus it let them reinforce material they had already learned.

According to an article I read in the Middle School Journal (McCabe & Greenwood, 2005), "People tend to avoid tasks and situations they believe exceed their capabilities, but they undertake and perform assuredly activities they judge themselves capable of handling." This appears to be true for "Gloria." When I asked her what her favorite subject is, she said Math, with no hesitation. It is evident that math comes easily for her, and that she enjoys it. In fact, I think it might not be a bad idea to try to give her a chance to perform more challenging math work.

I found that "Gloria" might not enjoy reading. Although I never asked her why this is, it is possible that she does not feel it is something she does well. This negative self-efficacy toward reading is evident in the amount of off-task behavior exhibited during periods of quiet reading time. Perhaps instead of just giving students 10 - 20 minutes of sustained reading, I would like to see more accountability for that reading. Keep a journal about what they are reading, how much they have read, what occurred during the reading, etc. With specific direction as to the application of that reading, "Gloria" may find it easier to stay on task. During her Reading class, I'm pretty sure "Gloria" couldn't tell you what was happening in her library book, but she probably knew everything from who's dating whom to what Hillary Duff or Lindsay Lohan wore to recent red-carpet events (from the Teen People magazine).

With regard to "Gloria's" acceptance of her cultural identity, I think the school is doing the right thing, having the students involved in learning about traditional Lakota culture, via Native American Connections classes. The things about bullying and self-created "class distinctions" are no different than any other 'bullying' type of behavior. The school has a strict bullying policy, which apparently she has been held accountable to in the past (ISS, SAS). I would encourage something along the lines of a behavior analysis which can be a helpful tool to focus students on acting responsibly and learn accountability (Wormeli, 2001, p. 202). When incidents occur, this form requires the student to:

o Describe the behavior / incident in their own words

o Talk about their feelings about the incident (and look at how others involved might have felt)

o Indicate what the student will do to prevent similar incidents from occurring

o List what they plan to do to re-build trust (with the other student, teacher, school, etc.)

I found that the school is filled with positive messages reminding students of the six pillars of good character (Character Counts), as well as other positive messages. I noticed that the Reading classroom had a poster regarding RESPECT, which said:

Realizing

Every

Single

Person

Expects

Consideration of

Their feelings

I really liked this message, and think that it is an easy way for kids to remember to respect each other and their feelings. I believe it should be changed to say "Their feelings and individuality".

I learned a lot through this experience, and feel that overall "Gloria" is a good kid, with a good head on her shoulders. Hopefully, she will discover a way to balance her need to be social with her need to get a good education. She requires good, positive adult role models in her life, such as her family (mother, Grandmother, sister) as well as her instructors at this school, which I think do a great job of keeping her grounded and focused as best they can. I liked the way the instructors worked together as a team, sending each other e-mails keeping on top of what each student is doing, what they are lacking, etc. In that way, the students are treated as individuals, and shown individual respect, which is very important at this age.

REFERENCES:

Jerkins, R. (2001). Not a Girl, Not Yet a Woman [recorded by Spears, B.] Britney. Zomba Recording Corporation. Lyrics retrieved 05/09/05, from http://www.lyricsdownload.com

McCabe, P. & Greenwood, S. (2005). Using learning contracts to enhance students' self-efficacy for reading and writing. Middle School Journal. 36(4) 13-19. Ohio: NMSA.

More, A. (1989). Native Indian learning styles: A review for researchers and teachers. Journal of American Indian Education - Arizona State University. Retrieved 04/16/05, from http://jaie.asu.edu

National Middle School Assoc. (2003). This We Believe. Ohio: NMSA.

Swisher, K. & Deyhle, Donna (1989). The styles of learning are different, but the teaching is just the same: Suggestions for teachers of American Indian youth. Journal of American Indian Education - Arizona State University. Retrieved 04/16/05, from http://jaie.asu.edu

Wormeli, R. (2001). Meet me in the middle. Maine: Stenhouse Publishers.

Existence Of The Poor Person

Existence like a battling family trying to reside in the real life. This is the way most existence is really whenever you live these days. Existence after i was becoming an adult was hard not only for me personally and my loved ones. I recall my earliest reminiscences have hard occasions with my farther working a lot of hrs that my dad was seldom home. My dad were built with a delivery service for any general super market after i would be a child. I recall twelve months it snowed 24 inches of snow my dad needed to walk-through all of this snow in nearly twenty below temperature to simply obtain the bit of food us can afford to consume.

Existence was always difficult becoming an adult my dad made about $ 100 per week we reside in a three room apartment four the six people. I recall i was so sick constantly whenever we were youthful that my dad needed to work around he could simply to try pay all of the hospital bills which were constantly coming due. I recall Christmas will come around and there is so very little money that my loved ones seldom were built with a real Christmas. I recall twelve months it had been around The holiday season my parents had reserve about $ 100 to buy our Christmas then my older brother knocked a pot of boiling hot coffee water over his stomach. There went our Christmas, a healthcare facility bills ate those funds up and much more. I recall the painful check my fathers face as he needed to tell his children there could be no Christmas this season.

I recall my loved ones was without ten new out fits for those four people kids to where you can school. My dad did compensated one 120 dollars annually to transmit us to Catholic school. I recall I had been about seven years of age returning home from soccer practice someone to see my poor mother putting on a set of men`s footwear so her children had clothes to put on to college. I recall time when my mother really needed to make spaghetti sandwiches for all of us kids to consider to college. Occasions were so difficult in my family after i was becoming an adult that people couldn't manage to remain in this apartment anymore. I recall we packed all of our possessions up and my dad bought this tent where all of us went camping for additional a year.

My loved ones and that i spent the summer time and half the wintertime within this camping ground. there is six people coping with this large collie in a single military tent. I was stuffed within this tent like luggage all attempting to sleep. I recall we resided on pork and beans for several weeks to consume. I recall i was so poor us kids needed to play the camping ground in women`s pants 50 % of time because there is so very little money. I recall the terrible smell which use to range from out houses after i visited the restroom. I recall we'd go days without having the ability to have a shower. That tent smelled really bad sometimes wonderful my loved ones in a single tent. I recall the enjoyment occasions me and my siblings had playing football along with other children at the camping ground.

I recall it had been late October when my parents made the decision that me and my mother together with my youngest brother would go ahead and take bus as much as my moms parents in Canada for any 4 or 5 several weeks. I recall that people were eating potted meat around the bus just trying result in the more then three day and evening ride from Chicago to Vancouver Canada to my grand parents. I had been so sick from riding with that bus for 3 straight days or weeks. I recall whenever we showed up in the bus station my cousin was there waiting having a cab to consider us to my grandma and grandpa apartment. I recall my buddy and that i ate and rested for nearly 2 days straight. I sure was glad to get away from that tent and right into a clean mattress. I recall it had been the very first time I'd a mattress and room where there is nobody within the same area.

I recall it was the very first time within six several weeks since i have had clean clothes and food to consume which was not peanut butter or pork and beans. My grandma and grandpa weren't wealthy or perhaps middle-class but they're the very best grandma and grandpa a youthful kid could ever request for. My mother was going without something to ensure that her children might have better. My grandma and grandpa ensured that my buddy and that i had newer and more effective clothes and good food time that people have there been.

I recall it had been four several weeks before my dad had found a location for people to reside therefore we needed to go ahead and take bus to Chicago. My dad had leased hotels only at that hotel for 35 dollars per week.I recall my older brother saying how which had rested on bakery baskets for the entire time i was gone within the freezing cold truck.I recall discovering that my dad needed to put our collie to rest because our dog became to wild while remaining in the camping ground. I recall she am bad when we folded over on her behalf tail in the end were sleeping our dog would bite us so my dad needed to have her set aside. I felt so lost for that longest time this dog was a part of us.

One time i first entered room a how small it had been for those six of my loved ones to reside. I recall the 4 years how my mom and dad labored so difficult just make certain that us kids had one meal each day to consume before going to sleep during the night. I ate a lot of poker chips for supper because chips were a nickel and pop was cent. I visited school at Emerson school in my sixth through eighth grade. I recall dealing with my dad after school delivering groceries I had been 13 years of age likely to school and dealing with my dad after school til around night time just to keep money arriving in my family to consume. I recall all of the early years there is no holidays for all of us we'd become accustomed not to getting money to pay for to put money into holidays that people rarely considered holidays. For me personally and my loved ones holidays were yet another normal day. I recall i was so poor that me and my loved ones never visited a physician or dental professional from the moment I had been seven until my dad grew to become sick after i was 19 years of age.

My dad were built with a bad heart and bad lung area from many years of smoking he couldn't work anymore. I recall the very first job I ever endured out side of part-time work doing odd jobs what food was in the identical hotel where i was living like a desk clerk. I recall this task compensated $ 2 and 60 five cents and hour. I could afford my very own clothes and food the very first time within my existence. I had been so proud to possess this task I had been really earning money of my very own and so i weren't required to rely on my parents for food or clothes. I needed to work my 60 hrs per week and take proper care of my dad simultaneously. I recall the very first time I ever bought new clothing and footwear I had been so proud which i had labored to possess so new clothing the very first time within my existence. I ate a lot while working the following 4 years which i was finally nick named the cow by my loved ones since i am body fat from consuming food that my loved ones usually never afford. It was the way i grew to become overweight for a long time ahead.

I recall as time passed My parents existed in the home that my older brother had bought to book as flats however your accommodation where i was controlling was offered and that we were both from jobs therefore we all moved in to the apartment upstairs where once more I needed to live off my fathers social security. I recall by know my dad was constantly on oxygen constantly in individuals days. My dad was getting sicker through the year. I recall the for quite some time that adopted occasions were so difficult just attempting to survive like a family . Then my older brother had a job controlling another hotel within the city so my siblings and my mother visited help. I had been in the house attempting to help my dad out while he could not breath at that time.

I finally were built with a my which you may working construction when my earliest brother began contracting from the realty company. I spent the following 5 years learning every trade which i could within the construction business. I had been generating money i quickly every considered I possibly could since i was working a hundred hrs per week. My sex life could never get started since i was always working. I possibly could never invest in getting a someone else within my existence . It was not because I didn't love the ladies that came and left my existence. I had been so deeply in love with that one girl however i was always working which means this lady known as us a machine. I merely permit this to lady leave my existence. I recall what it's prefer to find it difficult to live like a kid. I recall the seeing the discomfort within my fathers face when there is no holidays for all of us as children.I recall the appearance if my mother needing to put on men`s footwear to ensure that her children might have some clothes to put on to college.

I recall losing I felt when some lady would leave my existence. I had been so driven to possess everything which i couldn't have after i was youthful. I had been so driven to make certain which i could eat or where any factor I needed. I'd work numerous hrs to possess every factor which i wanted this is exactly what occurs when you develop poor. I needed to possess more personally. I simply didn't wish to have a household that would need to do without. I had been so driven to possess that even if I hurt myself at work I wouldn't even visit a physician. I remember when i almost cut three fingers of my left hands whenever a six feet level struck my left hands although it was lounging across metallic floor plate. I put splints around the really bad cuts and returned to operate. I remember when i were built with a vehicle crash into the rear of my legs. My legs were swelling up just like a football. I'd the bloodstream drained of my legs rather than returned towards the physician. I've had numerous injuries through the years yet I have not gone the the physician. I recall my dad working all day long with third degree burns on his shoulders from boiling warm water. I recall once my dad broke his shoulder whenever we were in the ball area then visited the physician to be set. In the morning my dad required from the splint and began while he were built with a family to aid. I am unable to even think of the type of discomfort he or she must have experienced through to visit work . I learned very youthful when you're poor you reside with injuries that many people couldn't even bare.

These are the stuff that I learned being poor after i was becoming an adult. I have faith that nobody should need to go through most factor that I've come across or resided. I learned to need to much drive to operate and never enough to take time to love and live. I don't undergo eventually in which the discomfort from over working my joints don't hurt and swell from to much work which i did.

I possibly could talk about hard occasions that me and my loved ones have undergone. That does not mean there is very little good occasions and fun for me personally and my loved ones.I'm not penning this from self pity. I'm penning this article to share with people by what being poor is actually like. I skipped on understanding the good occasions of investing holidays with the family. I truly am a self educated guy on the price of being born right into a poor and battling family. My loved ones and that i have remained so close through all of this plus much more.

Hopefully this information will help individuals to realise why I would like a much better life-style for those our people. I have faith that if democracy is actually likely to arrange it needs to be for those people regardless of race religion or sexual preference. I have faith that no child should need to go with no fundamental daily needs. I pray that this information will alter the future for thus many families that are connecting need to see their kids go without. For this reason I have faith that our country must get together for those our people. I truly do think that people can reserve their variations to create existence within our country fair for those people I have faith that every child warrants an opportunity to possess a fulfilling existence.

Of course I write based.

Factors In [One Person Canopy Tent

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Coleman Sundome 6-Person Tent (Green, 10-Feet x 10-Feet) by Coleman

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Ozark Trail 20' x 11' 3-Room XL Camping Tent, Sleeps 10:Sleeps 10Enhanced Weather Armor feature keeps your family dry and comfortableTub floor and taped fly seams prevent leakageFront canopy2 removable room dividers create 3 roomsZippered double doors3-room family tent includes E-port, mud mat, and shoe pocketZippered carrying bagOzark Trail extra-large tent assembled dimensions: 20'L x 11'W x 78"H

The Look Step of creating a Warehouse

Here are 20 step by step tips and ideas to help you create the warehouse you need at a price you can justify. From industrial tents which retract, through to portal frame structures with loading docks and conveyors to fully equipped and racked out facilities.  This is the place to start your successful design and build warehouse project. Building a warehouse that works for you requires thought and experience for the best results. There are huge choices in warehouse design and construction with a range of models and equipment, one of which will be right for you. This step by step outline guide will alert you to some of the fundamentals to ensure you manage your warehouse project effectively right from the first step you take.

10 warehouse disasters to avoid

Plan: The Professionals will keep you right? - Wrong, wrong, wrong! The professionals are not here to keep you right, they are here to carry out instructions and to take instructions - your instructions and then follow procedures that they have learned. Rule 1 know what you want or take what you are given. Read the small Print: Just because it is concrete it does not mean it is load  bearing. Beware of clauses that state that it is up to you to ensure your structures are suitable for the installation. That means if it fails it is your fault. They mean it! Know the Regulations: You are very unlikely to be able to see your foundations.  If you think you can you are probably looking at a floor. A concrete floor is about 250mm thick, it is the ground bearing pressure that makes the difference. You won't get this information by guessing but you will be required to account for it. Ignorance is Expensive: A foundation is up to 300mm below the floor, usually at the base of a major load bearing member like the frame of a building. They are up to 1500mm cubed and weigh over 1000kgs each, for an average warehouse. Don't make Assumptions: Don't presume that because it is a big steel column or quarter of a meter of concrete that it will take anything you want to hang or stand on it, it won't. So don't have afterthoughts about suspended gas fired heaters, cranes or mezzanine floors - after thoughts are expensive. Remember people who quote will normally put the lowest price in to get the work, with a specification that matches.  The only thing you can safely assume is if it is not specifically mentioned it is specifically excluded. You should assume architects will have very limited knowledge of technical equipment, they are good with materials and creating attractive space, they don't spend 10 years qualifying to design a standard portal frame building, but they will make it look a little more pleasing on the eye and design fish ponds in the reception or decide to route assembly conveyors through the administration offices, they are full of creative ideas (BMW)! Understand the People Limitations: Be sure you know what you are going to put in this building. You may not need an architect at all, a structural engineer will provide the right materials and advice to achieve the creation, a builder will erect it and none of these people are specialists in industrial applications. They are specialists in only their respective work.  You need a materials handling engineer or a specialist in your industry, or both. In other words pick an appropriate project leader. What you get for your Money: The cheapest steel building will last 10 to 15 years before it needs attention    Even modern cladding won't last forever, refurbishment is never cheap.  Single skinned buildings are for sheep or goods which don't mind damp. PVC clad buildings will last 50 years with up to 4 cheap skin changes and still be in good condition - much cheaper than several coats of paint and a completely new outer steel insulated skin. Marquees are for parties or weddings. Industrial quality steel framed independent structures are the lowest cost, highest value asset you can own, you can take them with you and put them up anywhere. Think through what you want to do. Steel buildings can actually devalue your site.  Be careful. Check things out properly: Don't use low budget builders or cheap buildings for high profile work that must comply to statutes, you won't have enough information to get it through building regulations and you might finish up paying for a great deal of unbudgeted and hidden cost. The time to get this information is day 1 before you pay. Never pay a penny for anything you can't see or own. Exercise caution with progress payments, there are many ways of safely concluding these transactions. Beware of hidden Costs: Classic unbudgeted and hidden costs that will torpedo your project include: poor ground conditions, not enough water, gas or electricity to service your building, long queues for service provisions, professional fees, local authority fees, landscaping and other local authority orders at the planning stage- e.g. lifts for disabled access, rateable car parking and a whole host of other hidden planning conditions. A basic list of about 30 in the UK, most of which you will never have heard of until they broadside your bank account. If you are in a heritage area you will need specialist advice.  Unless you are a multinational, money no object company, be very wary of heritage tags, you might find your project hijacked by the local archaeologists for the next 5 years or turned into a nature reserve for great crested newts. Never max out your Budget with no spare Cash: Put a contingency of at least 50% onto your project if you are a novice, 20% if you know what you are doing and 10 to 15% if you hire an agent or professional to help you.  Only a professional as cool as ice puts on 5% and then only if he has been doing the job all his or her life or you can sub out the whole thing to a principal contractor or construction company who will rake in a handsome margin for doing so, but at least you will have someone to sue to get what, after all, is your own money back.

Warehouse planning - To Fee or not to Fee, that is the question

Penalty clauses are doubtful: I can give you a case by case disaster list involving ill fitting equipment, wrong sized buildings, complete project failures and a host of other horrors to scare you and don't think that penalty clauses will save the day, they won't and nobody will touch them if they are unreasonable plus there will almost certainly be a  charge to you for them.   Unless you have a datum point, a minimal position, planning out your warehouse is just going to be a slippery slope rather than that  great improvement you want.   How then do you make a positive start to get great value for money and at the same time achieve a memorable project that delivers beyond expectations?  

The principal concept and operating format: My first recommendation is to choose the correct equipment, this means your handling equipment. At this point I would suggest you find a materials handling engineer with a measured amount of grey hair. A mistake at this point will see you buy or build your warehouse the wrong size. Decide what your smallest stock size is going to be and find a suitable recording system to model a business system around. You can now plan out your warehousing equipment and systems including all the access equipment and the picking systems you will need.   If you already have a warehouse or industrial unit this is your chance to improve, upgrade or replace - don't miss it!  Firstly think about management logistics - quite apart from servicing and turning HGV's round in your yard, you could just subcontract the whole warehousing operation out or bring in professionals to help you set up.  If you are a growing SME then try some of the big operators, they may lend you people to help you, especially if you are giving them traffic. For smaller operatives the most important thing is a good location, shorter distances mean less costs and more opportunities.  Warehouses are governed by cubic volume. There are several ways to maximise this, too many to explore in this article but here are some basic warehouse planning concepts.  Which of these statements do you agree or disagree with? (Answers at the end of this article)

It is always cheaper to go up rather than out. Very narrow aisle (VNA) is the most efficient use of space. Mezzanine floors are best put up by the builder when the warehouse is built.. Second hand mezzanines are good value for money.. Pallet racking can be fitted in any warehouse application. If I have a heavy duty concrete apron in my yard I can bolt any steel warehouse straight on to it. I don't need planning permission for PVC clad tent buildings especially if this warehouse retracts. I don't need planning consent if it is only a temporary warehouse structure. You will always get a better job if you employ an architect to design and build your warehouse. 6 months is more than enough time to design and build a new warehouse.

Understanding your professional  appointments and what they do: Your unit of space and your unit of productivity, I guarantee, will govern the entire structure of your business - do you know what yours is? Modelling your business is the best way to iron out many of the problems you will encounter. By adopting such a method you will quickly see, step by step, just exactly how your project will fit together from equipping, operating and resourcing your  entire warehousing operation, but how do you turn it into reality? A principal contractor will put everything you need together.  Unless your project is over £5m you would probably be better off with an agent who works for you directly. Architects will project manage as will structural engineers, frequently working together to deliver a project. 

They do undertake such works as their bread and butter tasks but it is not usually so case specific. Warehousing involves systems and equipment that frequently requires specialist knowledge on such a scale that without it from the very beginning your project will have serious information gaps. Even the principal contractors employ these specialists as do the other professionals but for small projects you will pay more for these extra facilities if you assemble your advising team in the wrong way. A bit like going to the wrong doctor, who then decides to operate just because he is a doctor. Just like doctors it is really important to get the correctly skilled professional to handle your case.

Picking  the right Warehouse Equipment - What you need to know

Forklift Trucks: A fork truck on average will handle about 125 pallets a shift - that is one every 3.84 minutes, there are all sorts of ways of modelling this information but if you are achieving anything like this ratio you have a very busy forklift driver.

Racking: Racking can go up to 12m or so, many mills will cut it to any length you want.  However 6m is often the standard height because they have to be painted and the paint ovens are vertical so that height is the governing factor.  Pre-galvanised steel is always a good choice if you are having trouble with high one piece frames and want to avoid splicing costs. 6m is a quick turn round height and with frames this height you can store about 10 pallets in a 2.7m width or 15 euro pallets since they are 800mm wide.

VNA (very narrow aisle): will have aisle widths down to 1,200mm.  At this width your £40,000 to £60,000 truck will be guided, you can have 'man up' or 'man down' and you need a set down area for picked work and feeder trucks which are all extra operations. if this is the answer you can get very small bin picker systems which work very quickly, in very high density storage systems but these are usually big money items.

Specialist Forklift Trucks: Articulated trucks now play a very big role and work in aisles of 1750mm upwards and need very little manoeuvring space.  They will multi-task and have both electric and IC power units.  There are two market leaders and a third contender who has a very considerable and experienced engineering resource across the materials handling industry.

Money: Some dealers are very good at tailoring finances if there is pressure on cash - never let cash be a problem, remember this is just as much part of business management as your warehouse based business.

Stock control: Once you have picked a good warehouse truck the racking is easy.   However remember the unit of space I talked about earlier, this is when you need it. It defines picking, packing and shipping, not to mention profit. It dictates the nature of the warehousing operation. If your in unit is 6m x 500mm x 500mm and your out unit is 6m x 50mm x 50mm or sub divisions of the 6m cut down into smaller bits, then your storage and picking operation is governed by that.  If you then have 4,000 stock lines, titles, colours, weights etc then you must do this for each variant.

Warehousing and stock processing: Any processing of stock requires thought. Mezzanines are good people space and multi level/tier shelving systems also provide very high density, good organisational facilities. Work stations are not an afterthought and correctly specified and built are capable of putting their own cost back in to your bank every hour of the day.

Remember to plan your lighting properly and think about good identification systems right from the outset. The more you can de-skill, the more efficient you will become, otherwise when Harry the warehouseman is off and is the only person who knows where everything is, you could have trouble.

From new it is not hard to spend £1,000 per square meter by the time you are operational,  half of which will be the shell, the land is extra. You can extend from under £280/sq.m. The shell only (above ground) will be around £180.00 of this.

What sort of warehouse and where to build it:  Avoid cheap buildings on different levels and slopes, they are cheap for a reason. Think about loading docks and pre-shipment preparations, you get much better rates from your contractor if he is in and out quickly. Trailers glued to dispatch bays only cost money. You can turn round HGV's in  less time than the driver can make himself a cup of tea with the right equipment.

How to create a Warehouse with a strong asset value: I doubt that any of the Yorkshire mill owners ever visualised their mills being divided up and selling for huge sums as luxury properties.  It is usually cheaper to build up rather than out, however over 6m starts to get slow for forklift trucks and building sections get pricey too. It is possible to clad the pallet racking and turn it all into 'the warehouse'  but unless you have an exact buyer it will be worth scrap value when you have finished with it, and you will lose value on the land due to the cost of reconstruction. Think though the cost of ownership.  It goes without saying that payback times, function and design are critical but not as critical as thinking through  "life after warehouse". In other words try to keep the build appeal as broad as possible. There are many good ideas and schemes about to help you. The more you can do with the warehouse, the more money it will hand back to you and that makes it less risky. This is also why I always consider limited fee appointments, pardon the pun, but this is my way of thinking outside the box!

It is always cheaper to go up rather than out. Very often it is Very narrow aisle (VNA) is the most efficient use of space. It is dense but can be slower than other methods Mezzanine floors are best put up by the builder when the warehouse is build. Never for industrial applications - use specialists Second hand mezzanines are good value for money. Avoid. In 38 years I have yet to see one fitted properly, I have seen several condemned and one collapsed. Pallet racking can be fitted in any warehouse application. Providing you have level floors in good condition, which are of correct structure. Pallet rack can impose enormous point loadings. Avoid expansion joints. If I have a heavy duty concrete apron in my yard I can bolt any steel warehouse straight on to it. Extremely risky I don't need planning permission for PVC clad tent buildings especially if this warehouse retracts. You probably do I don't need planning consent if it is only a temporary warehouse structure. Yes you do, always check You will always get a better job if you employ an architect to design and build your warehouse. Not in my experience, but you will get a great job using limited fee appointments. A good agent will arrange this for you, 6 months is more than enough time to design and build a new warehouse. If you have planning consent and you know exactly what you want. From green field/brown field site 3 years is not leisurely! Two can be tight and one year is very good going indeed with absolutely no problems - Never rush it, it will just empty your bank account

Gateway Tent Service 3

Gateway Tent Service 3.

One Guy Tent - How to pick the very best and Least heavy 1 Guy Camp Tents

The very best one guy tent models for camping and backpacking would be the least heavy and least difficult to create. Makers of 1 guy tents like Eureka Coleman, Marmot yet others know this and also have taken great steps to build up probably the most lightweight tents to accommodate an individual. Should you prefer a offered and ultralight shelter for long lasting a lengthy or short trek outside, a solo tent is a superb choice.

The best one guy tents are individuals that can appear. These can be simply folded away and saved for simple transport, then just folded away to be used whenever a camping or shelter is required. Integrated rods along with a system to self-fold will likely be being used. Very few companies offer this, but when you need to limit your time and effort assembling a tent, this can be a viable choice that should be considered for those hikers.

Whenever you search for a 1 guy tent, don't merely consider the weight and also the cost. Read the features which are contained in the various models. The very best ones may have all of the options and amenities of the more heavy tent, however in a more compact footprint and light-weight. Make certain not to sacrifice your comfort around the trail for weight unless of course you do not mind simplistic camping and prefer to possess the extra freedom to hold other heavier products and skimp on tent weight.

How big tents designed for one individual when folded lower is essential too. Sometimes adhering with similar brand as the pack will assist you to have integrated parts around the backpack to rig the tent for transportation. These kinds of backpacking tents tend to be diverse from your average camping one for base camps or dome and cabin, multi-person activities. So getting all of the particulars lower before leaving in your trip may be beneficial.

Whether you are in the united states, United kingdom or Australia and then any other place in the world for your matter and you are a weight solo trip, a transportable shelter for just one person could save you space and weight. This will be significant for fatigue and many other reasons. Lots of people even get ones which are designed for cycling which has an awning for his or her bikes during the night in addition to themselves.

As you can tell, you will find a number of things to consider when buying an outdoor camping tent for just one. You will find several choices and types available. Consider lightweight, cost and storage footprint size inside your decision. They are simple things that may help you get the best one guy covering for any journey associated with a length.